Tirtha Atlas

The sacred geography of the Indic world — every site mapped, dated, storied, and cited.

3031 sites15 countries4 traditions30 centuries
Early medieval · Buddhist · Myanmar

Kyaiktiyo Pagoda (Golden Rock)

Mt. Kyaiktiyo, Mon State · 17.4818°, 97.0980°

Hair-relic stupa on granite boulderMonBoulder-top stupa
Sacred since
574 CE
first attestation / structure
Standing structure
legendary founding 6th c.; continuously gilded
Mon

History & significance

A gilded granite boulder poised impossibly on the brow of a cliff, crowned by a 7.3 m stupa — one of Buddhism's three holiest sites in Myanmar with Shwedagon and Mahamuni. Pilgrims cross a bridge to press gold leaf onto the rock (men only may touch it); the boulder visibly rocks yet never falls.

Sthala katha — the traditional account

What follows is the temple’s own traditional account, transmitted through liturgy and local memory. It is recorded here as tradition, not as attested history.

The hermit Taik Tha kept a hair of the Buddha hidden in his own hair-knot for a lifetime, yielding it to the king only on condition it rest in a rock shaped like his head; Thagyamin, king of the gods, found this boulder on the ocean floor — the hair beneath it, they say, is all that keeps it from the abyss.

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Sources

coordinates: wikipedia-2026-08-26 · sources retrieved 2026-08-26 · dynasty page: Mon